The world of printed motherboard (PCB) technology is large and consistently evolving, pushing the boundaries of electronic design and manufacturing. Among the range of improvements, Printed Circuit Assembly (PCA) continues to be crucial for the successful execution of digital devices. High Density Interconnect (HDI) PCB, flexible PCBs, and rigid-flex boards https://intern.ee.aeust.edu.tw/home.php?mod=space&uid=542815