An extensive literature evaluation of studies among 1995 and 2018 was done using the Digital databases PubMed and EBSCO Host. Lookups were performed using the following phrases: whole knee arthroplasty (TKA); cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors; bracing; Actual physical therapy; weight-loss; knee; treatment; therapeutics; OA; intra-articular injection; hyaluronic acid; corticosteroid; and alt... https://www.theorthopaedicandpainpractice.com/non-surgical-treatments-for-knee-joint-pain/